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Atypical BSE,,,More Testing Needed

Mike

Well-known member
Two U.S. BSE Cases: New Questions, No Answers


The two cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discovered in the United States in the past year or so, one in Texas and the other more recently in Alabama, are distinct from the earlier case discovered in Washington state and from very similar cases discovered in Canada and the United Kingdom, as well as several other countries around the world.

These so-called atypical cases match results in seven cases discovered in France, says Dr. Jean-Philippe Deslys, project coordinator for NeuroPrion, the European Network of Excellence, but are dissimilar to three other French cases as well as a handful in Italy and Germany, among others. The U.S. cases are so-called "high-weight" on a molecular basis, while the other atypical cases are "low-weight." (Results of ongoing experiments on this topic are due to be presented at Prion2006 in Turin, Italy in October.)

What it means is anyone's guess. Deslys says it could mean one of three things: that the "classic" BSE infection has mutated, much like a virus; that these cases are linked to scrapie in sheep or are truly spontaneous like most CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) cases in humans and present little or no infective risk; or most ominously, that a new pattern of infectivity has emerged and may not be identified for years.

Deslys points to the spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD), which has moved geographically from the western United States to the Midwest and from there into Canada and the Northeast. Along the way, it has jumped from elk and mule deer to white-tailed deer and perhaps to other species, creating a geographic spread that Deslys says is "now almost out of control. Theoretically, it could be a bovine disease previously unidentified that could spread through feed as BSE does, or by means yet to be identified.

Some scientists believe that CWD may be transmitted through urine, which would indicate a level of infectivity never seen with BSE.

Ed Curlott, a spokesman for USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, agrees that the major issue is the source of infectivity. "We have no data on transmission at all," he says. "Right now, we are just following the science."

That may take several years, says Deslys, one of the world's top researchers in prion diseases. In the meantime, he recommends, steps should be taken to increase testing of animals sent to slaughter, and feed bans and other means of controlling amplification of the disease should be maintained or strengthened. "Risk assessment of this development is going to take at least a few years," he says. He notes that, to date, all atypical cases have been found in relatively older cattle, most more than six years of age.

Rapid tests, he says, are getting more sensitive and far more affordable, and coupled with an SRM strategy that keeps the most infective animal parts out of all food supplies, could provide enough protection to keep the disease at bay while research continues.



Source: by Pete Hisey on Tuesday, June 13, 2006
 

flounder

Well-known member
<<<<<<<<Rapid tests, he says, are getting more sensitive and far more affordable, and coupled with an SRM strategy that keeps the most infective animal parts out of all food supplies, could provide enough protection to keep the disease at bay while research continues. >>>>>>>>


PLEASE note the word 'COULD', COULD NOT TOO!


IN CONFIDENCE Perceptions of unconventional slow virus disease of animals in the USA



G A H Wells


REPORT OF A VISIT TO THE USA APRIL-MAY 1989



http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m11b/tab01.pdf




Approach:
This project will be done as a Specific Cooperative Agreement with the Italian BSE Reference Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, in Turin, Italy. It is essential for the U.S. BSE surveillance program to analyze the effectiveness of the U.S diagnostic tools for detection of atypical cases of BSE. Molecular comparisons of the U.S. BSE isolate with atypical BSE isolates will provide further characterization of the U.S. BSE isolate. Transmission studies are already underway using brain homogenates from atypical BSE cases into mice, cattle and sheep. It will be critical to see whether the atypical BSE isolates behave similarly to typical BSE isolates in terms of transmissibility and disease pathogenesis. If transmission occurs, tissue distribution comparisons will be made between cattle infected with the atypical BSE isolate and the U.S. BSE isolate. Differences in tissue distribution could require new regulations regarding specific risk material (SRM) removal.



http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/projects/projects.htm?ACCN_NO=408490



Muscle tissue has recently been detected with PrPSc
in the peripheral nerves (sciatic nerve, tibial nerve,
vagus nerve) of the 11th BSE
cow in Japan (Yoshifumi Iwamaru et al). also recently,
Aguzzi et al Letter to the Editor
Vet Pathol 42:107-108 (2005), Prusiner et al CDI test
is another example of detection
of the TSE agent in muscle in sCJD, Herbert Budka et al
CJD and inclusion body myositis:
Abundant Disease-Associated Prion Protein in Muscle,
and older studies from Watson
Meldrum et al Scrapie agent in muscle - Pattison I A
(1990), references as follow ;


PrPSc distribution of a natural case of bovine
spongiform encephalopathy

Yoshifumi Iwamaru, Yuka Okubo, Tamako Ikeda, Hiroko
Hayashi, Mori-
kazu Imamura, Takashi Yokoyama and Morikazu Shinagawa

Priori Disease Research Center, National Institute of
Animal Health, 3-1-5
Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-0856 Japan [email protected]

Abstract

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a disease of
cattle that causes
progressive neurodegeneration of the central nervous
system. Infectivity
of BSE agent is accompanied with an abnormal isoform of
prion protein
(PrPSc).

The specified risk materials (SRM) are tissues
potentially carrying BSE
infectivity. The following tissues are designated as
SRM in Japan: the
skull including the brain and eyes but excluding the
glossa and the masse-
ter muscle, the vertebral column excluding the
vertebrae of the tail, spinal
cord, distal illeum. For a risk management step, the
use of SRM in both
animal feed or human food has been prohibited. However,
detailed
PrPSc distribution remains obscure in BSE cattle and it
has caused con-
troversies about definitions of SRM. Therefore we have
examined PrPSc
distribution in a BSE cattle by Western blotting to
reassess definitions of
SRM.

The 11th BSE case in Japan was detected in fallen stock
surveillance.
The carcass was stocked in the refrigerator. For the
detection of PrPSc,
200 mg of tissue samples were homogenized. Following
collagenase
treatment, samples were digested with proteinase K.
After digestion,
PrPSc was precipitated by sodium phosphotungstate
(PTA). The pellets
were subjected to Western blotting using the standard
procedure.
Anti-prion protein monoclonal antibody (mAb) T2
conjugated horseradish
peroxidase was used for the detection of PrPSc.

PrPSc was detected in brain, spinal cord, dorsal root
ganglia, trigeminal
ganglia, sublingual ganglion, retina. In addition,
PrPSc was also detected
in the peripheral nerves (sciatic nerve, tibial nerve,
vagus nerve).

Our results suggest that the currently accepted
definitions of SRM in
BSE cattle may need to be reexamined. ...

179

T. Kitamoto (Ed.)
PRIONS
Food and Drug Safety
================


ALSO from the International Symposium of Prion Diseases
held in Sendai, October 31, to
November 2, 2004;


Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Japan


snip...


"Furthermore, current studies into transmission of
cases of BSE that are
atypical or that develop in young cattle are expected
to amplify the BSE
prion"


NO. Date conf. Farm Birth place and Date Age at diagnosis


8. 2003.10.6. Fukushima Tochigi 2001.10.13. 23


9. 2003.11.4. Hiroshima Hyogo 2002.1.13. 21


Test results


# 8b, 9c cows Elisa Positive, WB Positive, IHC
negative, histopathology
negative


b = atypical BSE case


c = case of BSE in a young animal


b,c, No PrPSc on IHC, and no spongiform change on histology



International Symposium of Prion Diseases held in
Sendai, October 31, to
November 2, 2004.

The hardback book title is 'PRIONS' Food and Drug Safety
T. Kitamoto (Ed.)


Tetsuyuki Kitamoto
Professor and Chairman
Department of Prion Research
Tohoku University School of Medicine
2-1 SeiryoAoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JAPAN
TEL +81-22-717-8147 FAX +81-22-717-8148
e-mail; [email protected]
Symposium Secretariat
Kyomi Sasaki
TEL +81-22-717-8233 FAX +81-22-717-7656
e-mail: [email protected]


=====================TSS===================
 

flounder

Well-known member
----- Original Message -----
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr." <[email protected]>
To: <[email protected]>
Sent: Friday, April 28, 2006 12:52 PM
Subject: USDA (BSE) QUARTERLY ENFORCEMENT REPORT October 1, 2005 through
December 31, 2005


##################### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
#####################


Subject: Re: Summary of Enhanced BSE Surveillance in the United States & BSE
Prevalence Estimate for U.S. April 27, 2006
Date: April 28, 2006 at 10:20 am PST

Release No. 0143.06
Contact:
Ed Loyd (202) 720-4623
Jim Rogers (202) 690-4755

Printable version
USDA RELEASES BSE PREVALENCE ESTIMATE FOR U.S.

WASHINGTON, April 28, 2006-Agriculture Secretary Mike Johanns today
announced USDA's estimate of the prevalence of bovine spongiform
encephalopathy (BSE) in the United States.

"Our enhanced BSE surveillance program has been an enormous undertaking, but
well worth the effort," said Johanns. "We can now say, based on science,
that the prevalence of BSE in the United States is extraordinarily low. The
testing and analysis reinforce our confidence in the health of the U.S.
cattle herd, while our interlocking safeguards, including the removal of
specified risk materials and the feed ban, protect animal and human health."

snip...end

http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Regulations_&_Policies/Quarterly_Enforcement_Reports/index.asp




MEANWHILE, back at the ranch, with larry, curly, and mo at usda, in the real
world, you will find that Johanns cannot open his mouth without lying about
BSE. check out the SRM violation he claims are "while our interlocking
safeguards, including the removal of specified risk materials and the feed
ban, protect animal and human health.", espeically his BSe claim of 1 bse
case per million head of cattle, in his dreams. ...TSS



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE
QUARTERLY ENFORCEMENT REPORT October 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005


snip....


CARGILL MEAT SOLUTIONS 00086K M DODGE CITY, KS X X On 10/11/05, a
withholding action concerning labels for Advanced Meat Recovery System
product was taken in accordance with 9 CFR Part 500.8.


EXCEL CORP 00086R M FORT MORGAN, CO 2/22/05 X X On 8/11/04, a withholding
action concerning labels for Advanced Meat Recovery System product was taken
in accordance with 9 CFR Part 500.8. On 12/22/04, plant appealed the
withholding action. Appeal was denied on 1/25/05.


00245L M LEXINGTON, NE 3/12/04 3/18/04 X 5/4/05 X X On 3/10/05, a
withholding action concerning labels for Advanced Meat Recovery System
product was taken in accordance with 9 CFR Part 500.8.

9/16/05 9/29/05 X X TYSON FRESH MEATS INC. 09268 M PASCO, WA X X On 7/28/04,
a withholding action concerning labels for Advanced Meat Recovery System
product was taken in accordance with 9 CFR Part 500.8.

TYSON FRESH MEATS INC. X X 00245D M EMPORIA, KS On 12/23/04, a withholding
action concerning labels for Advanced Meat Recovery System product was taken
in accordance with 9 CFR Part 500.8.


DESERET MEAT 04852 M SPANISH FORK, UT 7/20/05 8/1/05 X X 12/29/05 The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


NORTHERN PACKING COMPANY INC. 00571 M BRIAR HILL, NY 12/9/05 12/23/05 X X X
X The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment
to comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


A.J. CEKAK'S MEAT MARKET 9/1/05 9/20/05 X X X On 9/1/05, an enforcement
action
21562 M
concerning failure to meet regulatory ORD, NE requirements for Escherichia
coli Biotype 1 (E. coli) was taken. The enforcement action included, as a
basis, failure of the establishment to comply with Agency requirements
concerning specified risk material.


ALTA VISTA LOCKER
10/5/05 10/26/05 X X The enforcement action included, as a 31931 M basis,
failure of the establishment toALTA VISTA, KS comply with Agency
requirements
concerning specified risk material.


BROWN'S PROCESSING 13100 M13100 P ELSBERRY, MO 8/8/05 8/16/05 X X X 11/16/05
The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


CHAMPLAIN BEEF INC 2/28/05 3/4/05 3/8/05 X X X
08547 M
WHITEHALL, NY
10/17/05 X X X The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the
establishment to comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk
material.


FIVE STAR PACK INC. 9/1/05 9/9/05 X X 12/29/05 On 9/1/05, an enforcement
action
08725 M08725 P
concerning failure to meet regulatory GOLDEN CITY, MO requirements for
Escherichia coli Biotype 1 (E. coli) was taken. The enforcement action
included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to comply with Agency
requirements concerning specified risk material. FRESH FARMS BEEF 12/16/05
12/28/05 X X X The enforcement action included, as a 18579 M basis, failure
of the establishment toRUTLAND, VT comply with Agency requirements
concerning specified risk material.


GOETZ AND SONS WESTERN 11/15/05 11/23/05 12/1/05 X X
MEATS INC
06245 M06245 P
EVERETT, WA
12/17/05 12/28/05 X X X On 12/17/05, firm violated a regulatory control
action by selling U.S.D.A retained product.


H AND P MEATS 21352 M SOUTH PITTSBURG, TN 7/28/05 8/8/05 8/17/05 8/19/05 X X
The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


HOPKINS PACKING COMPANY 11069 M BLACKFOOT, ID 7/28/05 8/1/05 X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


NORTHWEST PREMIUM MEATS LLC 11032 M11032 P NAMPA, ID 7/26/05 7/29/05 X X
11/15/05 The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the
establishment to comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk
material.


PARADISE LOCKER MEATS 31865 M31865 P TRIMBLE, MO 9/21/05 10/7/05 X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material. PARAGON
SPRAY DRYING, LLC 31762 M31762 P WAUKON, IA 9/6/05 9/12/05 X X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


RANDALL MEAT COMPANY 10669 M HOT SPRINGS, AR 7/1/05 7/28/05 10/12/05
10/24/05 X X X The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the
establishment to comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk
material.


S & S MEAT COMPANY 01046 M01046 P KANSAS CITY, MO 8/4/05 8/19/05 X X
11/16/05 The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the
establishment to comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk
material.


STEAK MASTER 21159 M21159 P ELWOOD, NE 11/4/05 11/17/05 X X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


THE MEAT SHOP 31561 M BENSON, VT 8/18/05 9/6/05 9/9/05 X X X X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


THEURER'S QUALITY MEATS, INC 31647 M31647 P LEWISTON, UT 7/27/05 7/29/05 X X
The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


TOOELE VALLEY MEATS 20594 M20594 P GRANTSVILLE, UT 7/25/05 8/1/05 X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


WALNUT VALLEY PACKING LLC 32007 M32007 P EL DORADO, KS 12/15/05 12/30/05 X X
X The enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment
to comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


YODER BROTHERS MEAT PROCESSING 17301 M PARIS, TN 10/3/05 10/12/05 X X The
enforcement action included, as a basis, failure of the establishment to
comply with Agency requirements concerning specified risk material.


full text 54 pages ;


http://www.fsis.usda.gov/PDF/QER_Q1_FY2006.pdf



TSS
 

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