BSE, BASE, TSE, USA, TOO LITTLE, TOO LATE
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
Ongoing Surveillance Plan
July 20, 2006
snip...
Breed-dependent differential susceptibility or incubation period has not been observed
with BSE,42 and there is little variability in the bovine PrP gene.23 The consistent
neuroanatomical lesion profile in the brains of cattle affected with BSE,36,39 and uniform
glycoform ratios of PrPres as determined by immunoblotting,21,28 suggest the existence of
a single strain of the BSE agent. However, a recently described atypical form of BSE,
termed bovine amyloidotic spongiform encephalopathy (BASE), has modified glycoform
patterns similar to sporadic CJD in humans, and may represent an alternative strain of
BSE agent.18
snip...
Sample Points and Numbers to Meet OIE Surveillance Standards
APHIS is committed to maintaining BSE surveillance that at least meets OIE guidelines.
The OIE BSE surveillance guidelines recommend a target number of surveillance points
for Type A surveillance based on the size of a country’s cattle population. These points
are accrued over 7 consecutive years, and are weighted according to the surveillance
stream and age of the animal sampled. For a large cattle population, using the design
prevalence of 1 case per 100,000 adult cattle and 95% confidence, 300,000 total points
over 7 years, or 42,857 points per year are required for Type A surveillance.2
The four surveillance streams identified in the OIE Code are clinical suspects; casualty
slaughter; fallen stock; and healthy slaughter. OIE guidelines recommend sampling from
at least three of the four surveillance streams. BSE surveillance efforts in the US have
always focused on the three surveillance streams where BSE is more likely to be found –
clinical suspects, casualty slaughter, and fallen stock. During the 7 consecutive years
prior to March 17, 2006, the United States collected 735,213 BSE samples from these
surveillance streams and accumulated 2,973,804 OIE points.9
snip...
please read full text ;
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/bse/downloads/BSE_ongoing_surv_plan_final_71406%20.pdf
BSE WORLD UPDATE
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/AC/06/slides/2006-4240S1_1_files/frame.htm
NOW, this DRAFT pdf is no long there, but thank God for the cache ;
http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:6gegHkJ0kTMJ:www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/bse/content/printable_version/BSEprevalence-estimate4-26-06.pdf+USDA+BSE+TESTING+STATISTICS&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=14
see summary of enhanced bse surveillance aphis 2006 THE SHORT VERSION ;-)
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/ncahs/nsu/outlook/issue11/outlook_jul06_bse_prevalence.pdf
OOOPS, where did it go ???
http://cryptome.org/aphis050306.htm
APHIS RESPONSE TO PEER REVIEW OF ESTIMATE OF BSE IN THE USA
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou4-1.pdf
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou4-2.pdf
SAMPLE SIZE FOR BSE PREVALENCE ESTIMATES
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou5-1.pdf
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou5-2.pdf
[Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 10, 130-137, May 2005]
Original Article
Comparison and Verification of BSE Surveillance in USA and Japan
Naoru KOIZUMI1, Hiroshi IGUCHI2 and Tony E. SMITH1
1Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of
Pennsylvania, USA
2Department of Hygiene, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/10/3/130/_pdf
HOWEVER, WE MUST NEVER forget what old paul brown of cdc said either ;-)
CDC DR. PAUL BROWN TSE EXPERT COMMENTS 2006
The U.S. Department of Agriculture was quick to assure the public earlier
this week that the third case of mad cow disease did not pose a risk to
them, but what federal officials have not acknowledged is that this latest
case indicates the deadly disease has been circulating in U.S. herds for at
least a decade.
The second case, which was detected last year in a Texas cow and which USDA
officials were reluctant to verify, was approximately 12 years old.
These two cases (the latest was detected in an Alabama cow) present a
picture of the disease having been here for 10 years or so, since it is
thought that cows usually contract the disease from contaminated feed they
consume as calves. The concern is that humans can contract a fatal,
incurable, brain-wasting illness from consuming beef products contaminated
with the mad cow pathogen.
"The fact the Texas cow showed up fairly clearly implied the existence of
other undetected cases," Dr. Paul Brown, former medical director of the
National Institutes of Health's Laboratory for Central Nervous System
Studies and an expert on mad cow-like diseases, told United Press
International. "The question was, 'How many?' and we still can't answer
that."
Brown, who is preparing a scientific paper based on the latest two mad cow
cases to estimate the maximum number of infected cows that occurred in the
United States, said he has "absolutely no confidence in USDA tests before
one year ago" because of the agency's reluctance to retest the Texas cow
that initially tested positive.
USDA officials finally retested the cow and confirmed it was infected seven
months later, but only at the insistence of the agency's inspector general.
"Everything they did on the Texas cow makes everything USDA did before 2005
suspect," Brown said. ...snip...end
http://www.upi.com/
AND NOT TO FORGET what the OIG has said time and time again over the years;
http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/50601-10-KC.pdf
BSE WORLD UPDATE
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/AC/06/slides/2006-4240S1_1_files/frame.htm
[Docket No. FSIS-2006-0011] FSIS Harvard Risk Assessment of Bovine
Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/Comments/2006-0011/2006-0011-1.pdf
THE SEVEN SCIENTIST REPORT ***
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-EC244-Attach-1.pdf
PAUL BROWN M.D.
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-c000490-vol40.pdf
9 December 2005
Division of Dockets Management (RFA-305)
SEROLOGICALS CORPORATION
James J. Kramer, Ph.D.
Vice President, Corporate Operations
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-c000383-01-vol35.pdf
[Docket No. 03-025IFA] FSIS Prohibition of the Use of Specified Risk
Materials for Human Food and Requirement for the Disposition of
Non-Ambulatory Disabled Cattle
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/Comments/03-025IFA/03-025IFA-2.pdf
TRADING AND SPREADING TSE's GLOBALLY FOR MONEY THANKS TO USDA AND OIE
TERRESTRIAL ANIMAL HEALTH STANDARDS COMMISSION REPORT OCT 2006
CHAPTER 2.3.13.
BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY
Article 2.3.13.1.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ncie/oie/pdf_files/tahc-bse-75-oct06.pdf
TSS
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
Ongoing Surveillance Plan
July 20, 2006
snip...
Breed-dependent differential susceptibility or incubation period has not been observed
with BSE,42 and there is little variability in the bovine PrP gene.23 The consistent
neuroanatomical lesion profile in the brains of cattle affected with BSE,36,39 and uniform
glycoform ratios of PrPres as determined by immunoblotting,21,28 suggest the existence of
a single strain of the BSE agent. However, a recently described atypical form of BSE,
termed bovine amyloidotic spongiform encephalopathy (BASE), has modified glycoform
patterns similar to sporadic CJD in humans, and may represent an alternative strain of
BSE agent.18
snip...
Sample Points and Numbers to Meet OIE Surveillance Standards
APHIS is committed to maintaining BSE surveillance that at least meets OIE guidelines.
The OIE BSE surveillance guidelines recommend a target number of surveillance points
for Type A surveillance based on the size of a country’s cattle population. These points
are accrued over 7 consecutive years, and are weighted according to the surveillance
stream and age of the animal sampled. For a large cattle population, using the design
prevalence of 1 case per 100,000 adult cattle and 95% confidence, 300,000 total points
over 7 years, or 42,857 points per year are required for Type A surveillance.2
The four surveillance streams identified in the OIE Code are clinical suspects; casualty
slaughter; fallen stock; and healthy slaughter. OIE guidelines recommend sampling from
at least three of the four surveillance streams. BSE surveillance efforts in the US have
always focused on the three surveillance streams where BSE is more likely to be found –
clinical suspects, casualty slaughter, and fallen stock. During the 7 consecutive years
prior to March 17, 2006, the United States collected 735,213 BSE samples from these
surveillance streams and accumulated 2,973,804 OIE points.9
snip...
please read full text ;
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/bse/downloads/BSE_ongoing_surv_plan_final_71406%20.pdf
BSE WORLD UPDATE
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/AC/06/slides/2006-4240S1_1_files/frame.htm
NOW, this DRAFT pdf is no long there, but thank God for the cache ;
http://72.14.205.104/search?q=cache:6gegHkJ0kTMJ:www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/bse/content/printable_version/BSEprevalence-estimate4-26-06.pdf+USDA+BSE+TESTING+STATISTICS&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=14
see summary of enhanced bse surveillance aphis 2006 THE SHORT VERSION ;-)
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/ncahs/nsu/outlook/issue11/outlook_jul06_bse_prevalence.pdf
OOOPS, where did it go ???
http://cryptome.org/aphis050306.htm
APHIS RESPONSE TO PEER REVIEW OF ESTIMATE OF BSE IN THE USA
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou4-1.pdf
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou4-2.pdf
SAMPLE SIZE FOR BSE PREVALENCE ESTIMATES
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou5-1.pdf
http://www.fsc.go.jp/senmon/prion/p-dai38/prion38-sankousiryou5-2.pdf
[Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 10, 130-137, May 2005]
Original Article
Comparison and Verification of BSE Surveillance in USA and Japan
Naoru KOIZUMI1, Hiroshi IGUCHI2 and Tony E. SMITH1
1Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of
Pennsylvania, USA
2Department of Hygiene, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ehpm/10/3/130/_pdf
HOWEVER, WE MUST NEVER forget what old paul brown of cdc said either ;-)
CDC DR. PAUL BROWN TSE EXPERT COMMENTS 2006
The U.S. Department of Agriculture was quick to assure the public earlier
this week that the third case of mad cow disease did not pose a risk to
them, but what federal officials have not acknowledged is that this latest
case indicates the deadly disease has been circulating in U.S. herds for at
least a decade.
The second case, which was detected last year in a Texas cow and which USDA
officials were reluctant to verify, was approximately 12 years old.
These two cases (the latest was detected in an Alabama cow) present a
picture of the disease having been here for 10 years or so, since it is
thought that cows usually contract the disease from contaminated feed they
consume as calves. The concern is that humans can contract a fatal,
incurable, brain-wasting illness from consuming beef products contaminated
with the mad cow pathogen.
"The fact the Texas cow showed up fairly clearly implied the existence of
other undetected cases," Dr. Paul Brown, former medical director of the
National Institutes of Health's Laboratory for Central Nervous System
Studies and an expert on mad cow-like diseases, told United Press
International. "The question was, 'How many?' and we still can't answer
that."
Brown, who is preparing a scientific paper based on the latest two mad cow
cases to estimate the maximum number of infected cows that occurred in the
United States, said he has "absolutely no confidence in USDA tests before
one year ago" because of the agency's reluctance to retest the Texas cow
that initially tested positive.
USDA officials finally retested the cow and confirmed it was infected seven
months later, but only at the insistence of the agency's inspector general.
"Everything they did on the Texas cow makes everything USDA did before 2005
suspect," Brown said. ...snip...end
http://www.upi.com/
AND NOT TO FORGET what the OIG has said time and time again over the years;
http://www.usda.gov/oig/webdocs/50601-10-KC.pdf
BSE WORLD UPDATE
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/AC/06/slides/2006-4240S1_1_files/frame.htm
[Docket No. FSIS-2006-0011] FSIS Harvard Risk Assessment of Bovine
Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/Comments/2006-0011/2006-0011-1.pdf
THE SEVEN SCIENTIST REPORT ***
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-EC244-Attach-1.pdf
PAUL BROWN M.D.
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-c000490-vol40.pdf
9 December 2005
Division of Dockets Management (RFA-305)
SEROLOGICALS CORPORATION
James J. Kramer, Ph.D.
Vice President, Corporate Operations
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-c000383-01-vol35.pdf
[Docket No. 03-025IFA] FSIS Prohibition of the Use of Specified Risk
Materials for Human Food and Requirement for the Disposition of
Non-Ambulatory Disabled Cattle
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/Comments/03-025IFA/03-025IFA-2.pdf
TRADING AND SPREADING TSE's GLOBALLY FOR MONEY THANKS TO USDA AND OIE
TERRESTRIAL ANIMAL HEALTH STANDARDS COMMISSION REPORT OCT 2006
CHAPTER 2.3.13.
BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY
Article 2.3.13.1.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ncie/oie/pdf_files/tahc-bse-75-oct06.pdf
TSS