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Chronic Wasting Disease - Saliva & Blood

Mike

Well-known member
National News : Colorado State University Study Shows Evidence That Chronic Wasting Disease Spreads Through Saliva, Blood


Date: October 06, 2006
Source: Colorado State University


Contacts:
Dell Rae Moellenberg
(970) 491-6009
[email protected]


FORT COLLINS - New Colorado State University-led research shows for the first time that chronic wasting disease may spread through saliva and blood of infected deer, which poses new possibilities that the disease may spread by blood-sucking insects or social contact between animals. The study also reinforces that no tissue from an infected animal can be considered free of prions, the disease-causing agent.
The study suggest that chronic wasting disease, called CWD, may spread by social contact such as grooming among deer in nature and environmental contact. The study, led by Edward A. Hoover, a Colorado State University Distinguished Professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, also was spearheaded by Colorado State researcher Candace Mathiason.

The research, released in the Oct. 6 edition of the journal Science, tested the blood, saliva, feces and urine of deer infected with CWD to determine ways the disease may be transmitted from animal to animal, which has remained a mystery to scientists.

"This study shows for the first time that CWD can be passed to deer that come into contact with the blood and saliva of infected deer," said Hoover.

"Although no instance of CWD transmission to humans has been detected, these results prompt caution regarding exposure to body fluids in prion infections such as CWD. This study also causes us to reconsider a potential role for blood-feeding insects such as mosquitoes and ticks in the transmission of CWD or other prion infections."

While this 18-month study focused on deer, CWD also affects elk and moose.

"Interactions among deer and elk, especially in high density situations, intensifies cross-contact among animals. This contact includes salivary exchange, which provides potential for CWD transmission," Hoover said. "Such things as grooming, licking and nuzzling are important in the social interactions of deer."

CWD was first discovered in deer in northeastern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming by Colorado State scientists in the 1960s. Related diseases belong to the family of diseases called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies and include scrapie, which affects sheep, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Scrapie has existed in sheep populations for centuries.

Many mysteries continue to surround how TSEs spread from animal to animal or animal to human. CWD now has been detected in deer in 14 states and two Canadian provinces. CWD is contagious to a higher degree among deer, elk and moose than other TSEs.

Researchers biopsied tonsils to detect infectious CWD prions, showing that CWD infection could be detected as early as three months after exposure to saliva or blood from an infected deer - a surprising and important finding, Hoover said.
A seven-year, $8 million grant from the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease supported the research.

The study represented a collaboration between scientists from several agencies and universities. Additional researchers within the Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences were Gary Mason, Sheila Hays, Jeanette Hayes-Klug and Davis Seelig, and Terry Spraker, a scientist at the Colorado State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Other collaborators were David Osborn, Karl Miller and Robert Warren from the University of Georgia; Sallies Dahmes of WASCO Inc.; Michael Miller and Lisa Wolfe at the Colorado Division of Wildlife; Jennifer Powers and Margaret Wild of the U. S. National Park Service; Glenn Telling at the University of Kentucky; and Christina Sigurdson at the University of Zurich.






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bse-tester

Well-known member
Mike, you know there have been discussions regarding the potential for saliva and blood being culprits with respect to prion disease, many moons ago in beef. But, the resident crowd of scheptics tried to shoot me down with their whining about the science not being proven yet. Well, guess what?? In order to see the truth, one must open an eye or two to the possibility of it being there. Mike, thank you for your support over the past year or so, at least you have been an objective guy who is one who knows the truth and at least researches for it. I can tell you now that the OIE has contacted us and is willing to assist in our validation process - so we are looking forward to the coming year with great hope and confidence and will keep you and others in the loop regarding our progress.

Ron.
 
A

Anonymous

Guest
bse-tester said:
I can tell you now that the OIE has contacted us and is willing to assist in our validation process - so we are looking forward to the coming year with great hope and confidence and will keep you and others in the loop regarding our progress.

Ron.

Good to hear about OIE Ron- and personally I think your moment to shine will still come...Personally I think "when" the first native case of vCJD appears in one of our countries/ or the connection is made between sCJD and BSE, there will be a huge uproar and calls for consumer safeguards- to the point of overreaction, just like there was in Japan after the first human case... This will come about even more since some of the cattle organizations, the beef industry, and governments of both countries have been in denial and/or pooh poohed the situation to the consumers- while placing short term economic benefits ahead of long term consumer and herd health, and long term cattle industry vitality .......
 

Econ101

Well-known member
I just wish we could put the accountablity on those who are making these huge mistakes in policy. At least the Japanese give up their office when disgraced by the truth. The leadership at the NCBA and ANYONE in the chain that is making the decisions not to fast track Ron's tests or similar tests should be held accountable. When we have a court system that declares that the government is the purveyor of truth, and should be given deference, we are in real trouble. That allows the government dictatorial powers over the people. We are losing our country to these idiots. Just the kind of thing the founding fathers were afraid of and with good reason.
 

Mike

Well-known member
That's very good news Ron. I just hope the OIE is not as political with you as they have much of the BS they spout as I am sure there are some Dr.'s with the OIE who seek the truth. Maybe your association with them will be professional and will benefit us all.

You have taken quite a bit of "mouthing" from some on here and you handled it well.

Good luck.
 

PORKER

Well-known member
Just look at how the deer in New York got CWD, it was imported in. Same transmission as some other normal bovine diseases.
 

Mike

Well-known member
Mike - thanks for posting the more detailed article. I have been in Texas and missed recent scientific postings

I understand completely. News in Texas is hard to come by. :lol:

They should be getting TV, Telephone, and the internet soon.

That Telegraph is not very thorough. :lol:
 

Bill

Well-known member
PORKER said:
Just look at how the deer in New York got CWD, it was imported in. Same transmission as some other normal bovine diseases.
Where was it imported from and what was the method of transmission? What are "normal bovine diseases"?

A link to all of this would be appreciated.
 

flounder

Well-known member
Mike said:
Mike - thanks for posting the more detailed article. I have been in Texas and missed recent scientific postings

I understand completely. News in Texas is hard to come by. :lol:

They should be getting TV, Telephone, and the internet soon.

That Telegraph is not very thorough. :lol:



TEXAS, home of where they dont test cows for BSE, they just render them ;-)



Subject: Infectious Prions in the Saliva and Blood of Deer with Chronic Wasting Disease

Date: October 5, 2006 at 1:45 pm PST


Infectious Prions in the Saliva

and Blood of Deer with Chronic

Wasting Disease


Candace K. Mathiason,1 Jenny G. Powers,3 Sallie J. Dahmes,4 David A. Osborn,5 Karl V. Miller,5

Robert J. Warren,5 Gary L. Mason,1 Sheila A. Hays,1 Jeanette Hayes-Klug,1 Davis M. Seelig,1

Margaret A. Wild,3 Lisa L. Wolfe,6 Terry R. Spraker,1,2 Michael W. Miller,6 Christina J. Sigurdson,1

Glenn C. Telling,7 Edward A. Hoover1*


A critical concern in the transmission of prion diseases, including chronic wasting disease (CWD)

of cervids, is the potential presence of prions in body fluids. To address this issue directly, we

exposed cohorts of CWD-nai¨ve deer to saliva, blood, or urine and feces from CWD-positive deer.

We found infectious prions capable of transmitting CWD in saliva (by the oral route) and in blood

(by transfusion). The results help to explain the facile transmission of CWD among cervids and

prompt caution concerning contact with body fluids in prion infections.


SNIP...


Deer cohorts 1 (blood), 2 (saliva), and 3

(urine and feces) were electively euthanized at

18 months pi to permit whole-body examination

for PrPCWD. The greatest scrutiny was directed

toward those tissues previously established

to have highest frequency of PrPCWD deposition

in infected deer and generally regarded

as the most sensitive indicators of infection—

medulla oblongata and other brainstem regions,

tonsil, and retropharyngeal lymph node. We

found unequivocal evidence of PrPCWD in brain

and lymphoid tissue of all six tonsil biopsy–

positive deer in cohorts 1 (blood) and 2 (saliva),

whereas all deer in cohorts 3 and 5 were negative

for PrPCWD in all tissues (Table 2 and

Figs. 1 and 2).

The transmission of CWD by a single blood

transfusion from two symptomatic and one

asymptomatic CWDþ donor is important in at

least three contexts: (i) It reinforces that no tissue

from CWD-infected cervids can be considered

free of prion infectivity; (ii) it poses the

possibility of hematogenous spread of CWD,

such as through insects; and (iii) it provides a

basis for seeking in vitro assays sufficiently

sensitive to demonstrate PrPCWD or alternate

prion protein conformers in blood—one of the

grails of prion biology and epidemiology.

The identification of blood-borne prion

transmission has been sought before with mixed

results (9–11). Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

and scrapie have been transmitted to naBve

sheep through the transfer of 500 ml of blood

or buffy coat white blood cells from infected

sheep (12, 13). In addition, limited but compelling

evidence argues for the transmission of variant

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) through blood

from asymptomatic donors (14–16). Even in

sporadic CJD, PrPres has been found in periph-

eral organs of some patients (17). The present

work helps establish that prion diseases can be

transmitted through blood.

The presence of infectious CWD prions in

saliva may explain the facile transmission of

CWD. Cervid-to-cervid interactions (SOM text),

especially in high density and captive situations,

would be expected to facilitate salivary crosscontact

(11, 18, 19). Salivary dissemination of

prions may not be limited to CWD. Proteaseresistant

prion protein has been demonstrated in

the oral mucosa, taste buds, lingual epithelium,

vomeronasal organ, and olfactory mucosa of

hamsters infected with transmissible mink

encephalopathy (19) and ferrets infected with

CWD (20). Although no instance of CWD

transmission to humans has been detected, the

present results emphasize the prudence of using

impervious gloves during contact with saliva or

blood of cervids that may be CWD-infected.

Environmental contamination by excreta

from infected cervids has traditionally seemed

the most plausible explanation for the dissemination

of CWD (21). However, we could not

detect PrPCWD in cohort 3 deer inoculated repeatedly

with urine and feces from CWDþ deer and examined up to 18 months pi (Table 2).

There are several reasons to view this negative

finding cautiously, including small sample size,

elective preclinical termination, and potential

variation in individual susceptibility that may

be associated with the 96 G/S polymorphism in

the PRNP gene (7, 22). Although no genotype

of white-tailed deer is resistant to CWD infection,

PRNP genotypes S/S or G/S at codon 96

appear to have reduced susceptibility manifest

by longer survival (7). Both deer in cohort 3

(urine and feces) were subsequently shown to

be of the PRNP 96 G/S genotype. Thus, it is

possible, although we think unlikely, that these

deer had a prolonged incubation period (918

months pi) before the amplification of PrPCWD

became detectable in tissues. Recent studies

have shown that PrPres is poorly preserved

after incubation with intestinal or fecal content

(23, 24). Further research using cervid and surrogate

cervid PrP transgenic mice (25) are indicated

to continue to address the presence of

infectious CWD prions in excreta of CWDþ deer and to provide a more substantial basis for

reconsideration of the assumption that excreta

are the chief vehicle for CWDdissemination and

transmission.

The results reported here provide a plausible

basis for the efficient transmission of CWD in

nature. We demonstrate that blood and saliva in

particular are able to transmit CWD to naBve deer

and produce incubation periods consistent with

those observed in naturally acquired infections

(3, 26). The time from exposure to first detection

of PrPCWD by tonsil biopsy was variable—as

short as 3 months but as long as 18 months (likely

underestimates due to sampling frequency).

The results also reinforce a cautious view of the

exposure risk presented by body fluids, excreta,

and all tissues from CWDþ cervids. ...



SNIP...END


http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/314/5796/133



http://www.sciencemag.org/



##################### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #####################


Prion protein in cardiac muscle of elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) infected with chronic wasting disease

Jean E. Jewell1, Jeremy Brown1, Terry Kreeger2 and Elizabeth S. Williams1,

1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory (WSVL), 1174 Snowy Range Road, Laramie, WY 82070, USA
2 Veterinary Services Branch, Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD), Wheatland, WY 82201, USA


Correspondence
Jean E. Jewell
[email protected]

To investigate the possible presence of disease-associated prion protein (PrPd) in striated muscle of chronic wasting disease (CWD)-affected cervids, samples of diaphragm, tongue, heart and three appendicular skeletal muscles from mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) and moose (Alces alces shirasi) were examined by ELISA, Western immunoblot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). PrPd was detected in samples of heart muscle from seven of 16 CWD-infected white-tailed deer, including one free-ranging deer, and in 12 of 17 CWD-infected elk, but not in any of 13 mule deer samples, nor in the single CWD-infected moose. For white-tailed deer, PrPd was detected by Western blot at multiple sites throughout the heart; IHC results on ventricular sections of both elk and white-tailed deer showed positive staining in cardiac myocytes, but not in conduction tissues or nerve ganglia. Levels of PrPd in cardiac tissues were estimated from Western blot band intensity to be lower than levels found in brain tissue. PrPd was not detected in diaphragm, triceps brachii, semitendinosus, latissiumus dorsi or tongue muscles for any of the study subjects. This is the first report of PrPd in cardiac tissue from transmissible spongiform encephalopathy-infected ruminants in the human food chain and the first demonstration by immunological assays of PrPd in any striated muscle of CWD-infected cervids.

Deceased 29 December 2004.


http://vir.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/87/11/3443?ct




TSS

#################### https://lists.aegee.org/bse-l.html ####################




##################### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #####################


Patterns of PrPCWD accumulation during the course of chronic wasting disease infection in orally inoculated mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
Karen A. Fox1,2, Jean E. Jewell3, Elizabeth S. Williams3, and Michael W. Miller1

1 Colorado Division of Wildlife, Wildlife Research Center, 317 West Prospect Road, Fort Collins, CO 80526-2097, USA
2 College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
3 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, 1174 Snowy Range Road, Laramie, WY 82070, USA


Correspondence
Michael W. Miller
[email protected]

Patterns of abnormal prion protein (PrP) accumulation during the course of chronic wasting disease (CWD) infection were studied and the distribution and timing of disease-associated PrP (PrPCWD) deposition and lesions in 19 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) 90–785 days after oral inoculation were described. PrPCWD deposition occurred relatively rapidly and widely in lymphoid tissues, later in central and peripheral nervous tissues and sporadically in a variety of tissues and organs in terminal disease stages. Development of spongiform encephalopathy lagged behind PrPCWD deposition in the central nervous system (CNS), but occurred in the same neuroanatomical locations. PrPCWD deposition in the lymphatic and nervous systems tended to be consistent and progressive in specific organs and tissues. Locations of PrPCWD deposition were similar between deer of two PrP genotypes (225SS and 225SF), but the time course differed between genotypes: in 225SF deer, PrPCWD accumulated more slowly in lymphatic tissues than in 225SS animals, but that disparity was small in comparison to the disparity between genotypes in timing of deposition in CNS tissue. These data confirm retropharyngeal lymph node and medulla oblongata at the level of the obex as early sites of PrPCWD accumulation in mule deer with CWD. Data on the relative time frames for and genetic influences on PrPCWD accumulation may also offer insights about epidemic dynamics and potential control strategies.

Deceased 29 December 2004.

http://vir.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/87/11/3451




TSS

#################### https://lists.aegee.org/bse-l.html ####################






CWD AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS i.e. saliva, fecal shedding and fecal-oral transmission is likely


http://p079.ezboard.com/fwolftracksproductionsfrm2.showMessage?topicID=592.topic





TSS




THE SEVEN 1/2 SCIENTIST REPORT ***


http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/02n0273/02n-0273-EC244-Attach-1.pdf




Subject: [Docket No. FSIS-2006-0011] FSIS Harvard Risk Assessment of Bovine
Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)


http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/Comments/2006-0011/2006-0011-1.pdf




[Docket No. 03-025IFA] FSIS Prohibition of the Use of Specified Risk
Materials for Human Food and Requirement for the Disposition of
Non-Ambulatory Disabled Cattle

03-025IFA
03-025IFA-2
Terry S. Singeltary


9/13/2005

http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/Comments/03-025IFA/03-025IFA-2.pdf





Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
P.O. Box 42
Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
 

bse-tester

Well-known member
Thanks Mike for your words. You and Flounder and yes, you also Econ, have a greater overall view of what the entire concept of BSE really means to not only the economy, but to the entire field of agriculture and human consumption of agri-product. The vast majority of folks seem to think it has gone away and will never rear its ugly head again and even if it does, they also appear to be confident that the authorities will "take care of it!" Well, I doubt the authorities could handle another outbreak and they sure as heck cannot face the silence but lingering threat of vCJD in the human factor.

Mike, I am going to Paris in February and will let you know the outcome of that trip. I can tell you that we will be conducting simultaneous validations in Cleveland, Germany and Paris. The OIE will conduct two different tests, maybe three. We are considering contracting them to validate for BSE, CJD and CWD. In Cleveland, we shall be conducting validations for BSE, CJD, Alzheimer's and Parkinsons. We are hoping to contract with a German lab to validate for BSE, CJD and Alzheimer's.

The goal is to garner a mountain of data and then present it to the OIE lab for confirmatory study that will blend with the validations they too will be conducting on our behalf. By virtue of them being involved, as well as the USA National Prion Surveillance Laboratory in Cleveland, I am hoping that we can not only conduct the most intensely professional validations but to also show the OIE Committee that we did it following and exceeding all of the necessary protocols. The fact that their lab will be involved will certainly consolidate that fact I am sure.
 

Kathy

Well-known member
CWD was first discovered in deer in northeastern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming by Colorado State scientists in the 1960s

Yeah, first discovered in deer that were placed by the USA military on lands they had 'accidentally' contaminated with plutoniumand strontium 90.! Perhaps you have forgotten Chernobyl (April 1986)rained down radioactive cesium 137, 134 and other isotopes over Europe and neighboring countries contaminating the air, soil and water.

Mark Purdey wrote all about these first CWD discoveries, perhaps you should read his article.

http://www.purdeyenvironment.com/RadioactivesonicTSE.htm

'Educating Rida’ was ‘highly commended’ and won 3rd place in the UK’s prestigious Martha Gellhorn investigative journalist awards 2003.
An underground, eco-detective journey into the origins of spongiform disease.

by Mark Purdey,

The White Sands Missile Range is an extensive spread of US military controlled cacti country that spans the southernmost extremes of the San Andres mountain ridge. There is an eerie atmosphere to the place.

A Department of Natural Resources truck kicks up the dust across the droughted canyon, its engines reverberating in an agitated mode. It stops at the main entrance gates along the perimeter fence. One of the wildlife officers gets out and walks to security, seemingly oblivious to the distant thump of a missile exploding across the range. He is clearly preoccupied with the more important task of slaughtering animals who have succumbed to this so called "hyper-infectious" disease. The truck is soon on its way, loosing itself within the thousands of acres of parched up military compound.

They’ve come to investigate yet another new eruption of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in the USA– the deer equivalent of ‘mad cow disease’. This outbreak is particularly significant, in that it represents the first cases of a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) disease recorded in a deer herd within the state of New Mexico. Furthermore, the affected herd has been confined behind the perimeters of the Range for several decades.

This latest epidemiological aberration delivers a serious challenge to the viability of the conventional consensus on the origins of CWD. It has rumbled the cornerstones of institutionalized ‘expertise’, bringing into question those veterinarians who have plumped for the assumption that some unconventional "hyper-infectious" agent is spreading via body to body contact through the deer populations.

So how did the ‘infectious agent’ jump the 500 mile gap between the long standing CWD hotspot zone in Colorado and the CWD-free deer residing within the White Sands Missile Range? The ‘experts’ were baffled. But, true to form, this latest challenge to the official theory was conveniently obfuscated into oblivion; outcast as some illusory mirage that just happened one day in the New Mexico desert.

But the answer is only evident to those who care to scratch a bit deeper than the dust. For they cannot help but notice some overt environmental features that exclusively predominate this unique location. Factors which are invariably shared by every single TSE cluster location around the world;

Before the military came, White Sands was an industrious centre for the mining of the manganese oxide and wulfenite ores (NB; wulfenite contains the copper chelating molybdenum metal). The museum quality black crystals lay scattered across the topof the terrain, twinkling out a kind of sombre resonance under the desert sun. They emanate the haunted history of the place.

And since the military have occupied the range, the US authorities have been actively engaged in monitoring the unique intensity of infrasonic shock bursts that are radiated by the explosions of their own missiles. The poor deer herd has played guinea pig to an unwitting experiment that has cracked the causal riddle of spongiform disease.

"The atomic fawns"

But a series of well planned experiments had been designed and carried out back in the 1960s/ 1970s, where the US atomic energy agency and government had funded the Colorado department of wildlife and Colorado State Uni’s (CSU) Department of radiology and radiation biology at Fort Collins to monitor the exposure of deer to plutonium, strontium 90 and cesium 134 at every level. I recently stumbled upon these sinister studies whilst browsing through the vaults of PHD theses stored in the basement of the CSU library.

One of the trials involved transporting deer fawns back and forth between the deer pens at the Department’s Foothills facility at Fort Collins and the plutonium contaminated pastures of the Rocky Flats Nuclear Weapons Factory at Boulder 60 kilometres away . The objective was to monitor the effects and eco-dynamics of leaked plutonium ( and its daughter radionuclides ) through the biosystem of the deer and within the general ecosystem.

A series of radioactive leaks from rusting barrels that stored plutonium contaminated oil at the Rocky Flats Plant ( combined with a fire ) had enabled plutonium and its daughter radionuclides to become airborn, contaminating a wide area of the Colorado section of the Front Range – an area that has become the CWD endemic area today. The peak of contamination was during the 1967-1969 seasons when the air sampler detected Plu as high as .35 pCi /M3. A program of environmental monitoring had picked up significant levels of plutonium as far a field as the Pawnee Butt plains NE of Fort Collins and Roxy Ann mountain. Disturbingly, the levels of plutonium were higher in the livers of the wild deer that roamed the Cache le Poudre canyon at .042 dpm/gm than in the deer that roamed near to Rocky Flats itself (.033 dpm/gm ).

This whole problem was probably exacerbated by the emissions from the kiln chimneys of the local cement factory at Lyons; where, according to a 16/12/92 report in the South West Sage by John Dougherty, the EPA’s Division of solid waste made an emergency response on cement kiln dust, stating that they had found radioactive plutonium and cesium in the kiln dust at Lyons, and at two other plants near to weapon’s factories in the USA. The Lyon’s contamination was presumed to be the result of utilising low level nuclear waste material from the nearby Rocky Flats Weapons plant as fuel for the cement kiln.

During the 60s/ 70s, it seems that the entire operation of the Fort Collins wildlife facility was geared towards a raft of radiation experiments - including the direct injection of strontium 90 and cesium 134 into the deer - in order to monitor the biological effects of these potentially lethal ‘cold war’ compounds.

But it seems that one of the major biological repercussions of these unique experiments was neither reported nor published until 13 years later, when a 1980 paper by Williams and Young reported on the first ever recorded case of TSE in a deer (eg CWD) in 1967. The delay before publication is mysterious, since most scientists would normally be tripping over themselves to get important novel discoveries into the academic press. Whilst the authors made no mention of possible causal factors, they merely stated that the TSE affected deer were resident at the Fort Collins facility – eg; in the very same deer pens that had been involved in these radioactive experiments. Putting two and two together, it is unlikely that the space/time correlation between these unique radioactive experiments and the emergence of a novel neurodegenerative disease is a mere coincidence.

The subsequent emergence of CWD in the various other wildlife facilities within the plutonium contaminated region, was probably assisted by the fact that there was frequent importation of wild deer into these other captive facilities from Fort Collins. It is also well known that deer frequently escaped from these facilities into the wild.

And then I stumbled upon a study by Dr Randolph Crom on a CJD cluster amongst the workforce of a factory engaged in the assembly of missiles – who had no doubt had been working with some of these same radioactive metals – at the former Hughes Missile Plant at Tucson in Arizona. In this respect, It is also relevant that CWD has erupted in deer grazing across the White Sands desertscapes of New Mexico, the tundra terrain of NATO’s Cold Lake air weapons range and the sandhills of Camp Wainwright on the Alberta / Saskatchewan, borders – areas where similar types of missile and munitions are test fired.

In fact, exposure to both naturally occurring and man made radioactive metals seems to explain the emergence of every cluster of TSE that has reared its ugly head around the world ...

Meanwhile, with 30% of the BSE data held behind the veil of the UK’s Official Secret’s Act, it is more than likely that we will never get to hear about the true cause of BSE- well, as far as the official clique of ‘expertise’ goes.

go to the link for "the rest of the story"... as Paul Harvey says...

http://www.purdeyenvironment.com/RadioactivesonicTSE.htm

These deer and all the other animals and people have been contaminated with radioactive metals which further ionize other metals located very close to them.

This is why the BIO-RAD BSE test kit was readily available, courtesy of the French Atomic Energy Commission. BIO - biological RAD - radiation They were using it to find radioactive metal contaminated proteins in slabs of cow meat for years. Use your brains people; expose them.



A healthy immune system/lymphatic system will get rid of these metals to the best of its ability; however, too much exposure results in the total destruction of the protective mechanisms:

Environ Res. 1987 Oct;44(1):71-81
Cytotoxic effect of uranium dioxide on rat alveolar macrophages.

Tasat DR, de Rey BM.

Radiobiology Department, National Atomic Energy Commission, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchial lavage were used to assess the response of these cells to cultivation in media containing increasing concentrations of particulate UO2. The characteristic time course of uranium effects on alveolar macrophages was determined by analyzing cell viability and incorporation of uranium particles. This study reveals the ability of alveolar macrophages to phagocytize uranium particles despite the high toxicity the metal exerts on cell membranes. However, lethal effects soon become evident. Ultrastructural analysis showed uranium particles confined within membrane bound vacuoles or free in the cytoplasm. Marked ultrastructural alterations consistent with cell death were frequently observed. The elimination of the first biological barrier hinders the scavenging of particulate contaminants in alveolar spaces, thus favoring the translocation to target organs.
PMID: 3653069

Target Organs like the brain, kidney, liver, spleen, bones.
 

bse-tester

Well-known member
Kathy wrote:

Perhaps you have forgotten Chernobyl (April 1986)rained down radioactive cesium 137, 134 and other isotopes over Europe and neighboring countries contaminating the air, soil and water.

The European winds are mainly from the north west to south east with a predominant easterly flow Kathy. Some summer winds come out of North Africa and provide heat to all countries around the Mediterannean and into central Europe where they meet the northern winds. I am curious as to what countries in great Europe were affected by the fallout? I thought that the fallout predominantly fell to the eastern areas and south eastern areas and not into Europe. Perhaps you can clarify your statement for me? Ron.
 

Kathy

Well-known member
Perhaps you should look up this information on Entrez Pubmed, for example. With a quick search you can find studies like this one:

131I in the thyroid glans of sheep from Wales ans south-west England after the Chernobyl accident. PMID 3394247

Morgan, KL Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol, Langford, Avon

Radioactive material from the Chernobyl reactor was deposited over the United Kingdom between May 2 and May 4, 1986. In this report, the 131I content of ovine thyroid glands, collected from seven abattoirs in Wales and south-west England is used to monitor the geographical distribution of the contamination. The results indicate that there was considerable local variation in the degree of contamination and suggest that, in addition to the major areas of contamination, deposition of high levels of radioactive material also occurred inn isolated areas in the sout-west of England. These observations confirm the value of monitoring 131I in the thyroid glands of grazaing ruminants as a sensitive index of environmental contamination with the products of nuclear fission.

There is a UK researcher who uncovered how depleted uranium particles travelled from the Middle East to the UK, excessively high levels of back-ground radiation were measured after "shock and awe" carpet-bombing in Afganastan and Iraq. Haliburton tried to keep some of this information quiet; but the doc got it from the Department of Defense. You see Haliburton was given the contract to monitor the UK's background radiation monitors prior to the second invasion of Iraq in 2003.

Dr. Chris Busby - Report on DU in British Atmosphere http://www.llrc.org/aldermastrept.pdf

Winds on the surface are not always the same higher up. DU has been traced travelling west from Iraq to the Gulf of Mexico and along the east coast of the USA. Look at the flow of hurricanes, east to west.

Many countries including Germany, have mapped the fallout from Chernobyl.

The new Chernobyl is the use of depleted uranium weapons in the battlefield and on testing ranges (also mining uranium, processing uranium, manufacturing nuclear power fuels, DU weapons factories, etc)

You can watch a two part interview with Leuren Moret on this subject at google video, free.

#1 Atmospheric Testing, Nuclear Power Plants, Depleted Uranium (1 hour) Interview with Radiation Specialist Leuren Moret by Gypsy Taub.
“GLOBAL NUCLEAR COVERUP” – Berkeley Community Access TV Series.

One Hour Video:
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3626298989248030643

#2 Global Diabetes Epidemic Caused by Depleted Uranium (1 hour) Interview May 26, 2006, with Radiation Specialist Leuren Moret (1 hour) by Gypsy Taub.
GLOBAL NUCLEAR COVERUP – Berkeley Community Access TV.

One Hour Video:
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-7451332617120640846

"ECRR: 20 Years Later" is a report on Chernobyl put together by doctors from many countries. The following is an excerpt from the news release for this journal of medical papers.

" The Chernobyl accident contaminated large parts of the Soviet Union and Europe. Radioactivity was ultimately detected everywhere in the northern hemisphere. Doses to the emergency workers from external gamma-rays and internal fission-product radionuclides were significantly high, many died at the time. 20 years later, many liquidators still die and all are ill. The radionuclide contamination of the environment was significant and long-lasting. This resulted in chronic internal low dose exposure to millions of people, to animals and plants. Foodstuffs became contaminated with Caesium-137, Strontium-90 and uranium fuel particles containing a range of novel radioactive elements.

Rather than use this opportunity to investigate the health effects of these exposures, the international radiation risk community has ignored the many reports of ill-health emerging from the contaminated territories. International and National bodies (e.g. ICRP, UNSCEAR, BEIR, WHO), whose remit is the evaluation of ionising radiation effects on health, have glossed over, marginalized, ignored or denied the existence of the terrible consequences of the Chernobyl fallout. Research papers have been excluded from official reports. Cries for help have been dismissed as due to ‘Radiophobia’. Tragically, many independent ‘green’ organisations have accepted the analysis of the UN agencies without question.

Research into these effects has been mainly published in Russian language journals; these valuable contributions have (perhaps purposely) rarely been translated into English. To do so would have been fatal to the nuclear industry which routinely discharges the same radioactive substances into the environment under license.

This new ECRR publication presents the true consequences of the Chernobyl accident. Eminent scientists examine and review the data and show that, rather than fading away, the effects are only beginning to show themselves. The phenomenon of ‘genomic instability’, discovered in the laboratory in the UK in the 1990s, is seen now in its terrible effects on the animals, plants and human victims of the Chernobyl exposures. It is seen at doses that would have been, and still are, dismissed as vanishingly small by the current radiation
protection laws.
 

Kathy

Well-known member
The European winds are mainly from the north west to south east with a predominant easterly flow Kathy. Some summer winds come out of North Africa and provide heat to all countries around the Mediterannean and into central Europe where they meet the northern winds. I am curious as to what countries in great Europe were affected by the fallout? I thought that the fallout predominantly fell to the eastern areas and south eastern areas and not into Europe. Perhaps you can clarify your statement for me? Ron.

Have you ever heard the saying, "what goes around, comes around"

We live on one planet, Earth. Look at it as a large garage. If you leave the car running, the whole garage fills with fumes, eventually killing everything in the garage.

Atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons started the car running. Using DU weapons and nuclear power is like reving up the car.

Burning carbon based fuels also releases radioactive isotopes, just at a slower rate. This form of energy can be cleaned up by using efficient scrubbers and capturing the emissions. There is no effective clean-up of a nuclear reactor melt down.

Nuclear reactors leak, period. The highest rates of death by breast cancer in the USA are found in areas surrounding nuclear power plants, and nuclear (including DU) weapons facilities. In California data demonstrates indicate a direct correlation between the amount of power produced by nuclear plants and the rates of Autism.

Radiation is killing us. Its' ionizing effects on the rogue metals invading our bodies is reaching catastrophic levels.

We must first acknowledge this problem, before we can effectively clean it up.

BIO-RAD "biological" "radiation"
Commission Energy Atomic

Hear no evil, See no evil, Speak no evil - and it will only get worse.

Expose it, stop it - and there is hope!

I hear Saskatchewan is going to build a "clean coal" power station near Estevan in the south. The one near Bow City, Alberta is on hold until the private power producer can find equal footing with other power stations, which need to be converted, asap, to the "clean coal" mechanisms.

The oil patch wants to use the C02 to force the oil/gas out of the ground. This may not be the best use of it, as depending on where the oil and gas comes from, developing these fields could release even more toxic radio-active isotopes.
 

bse-tester

Well-known member
The entire study of "FAllout" deals with the first rule of falling objects or material. That is to say that fallout, by its very definition, means that it falls. It may indeed go well downwind but it is still subject to fallings - perhaps aided by rain, snow airborne contaminants that adhere to it and so on. Nothing travels completely around the globe without being subjected to the effects of weather that may well cause it to fall to earth. Of course, it is where it may fall and in what numbers or concentrations that should concern us. Well known studies have long determined that the fallout from nuclear reactor failurs will decrease with distance. That is to say that what leaves the plant is generally more concentrated the close one is to the plant than further away from it. I disagree that if a plant fails in Russia, that the effects of contaminated fallout will affect the health of someone in Tazmania for example. Having said that, I do agree that all polution that goes into the atmosphere can only be considered as some additional crap going into the pot and should therefore be avoided at all times. But we human do not think that way. Whatever goes downstream shall be left for those people who lie downstream to worry about, not us!! That is the way we humans think and that is the sorry side of humanity that we tend to ignore. In central Antactica, there are traces of all almost all known polutants and they arrived there by way of high atmosphere winds carrying them around the world, so some things do get to travel completely around the world.
 

flounder

Well-known member
Opinion on Organophosphate (OP) poisoning and hypothetical involvement in the origin of bse (adopted on 10-11 April 2003) (95KB)

C:\WINNT\Temporary Internet Files\SSC_Last_OP_Final.doc 1

EUROPEAN COMMISSION

HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL

Scientific Steering Committee

OPINION ON

ORGANOPHOSPHATE (OP) POISONING AND

HYPOTHETICAL INVOLVEMENT IN THE ORIGIN OF BSE

Background

In its opinion on possible links between BSE and Organophosphates adopted on 25-26 June

1998 and in its opinion on Hypotheses on the origin and transmission of BSE adopted on 29-

30 November 2001 the SSC concluded that there is no scientific evidence in support of the

hypothesis of an OP origin of BSE.

The issue of organophosphate poisoning has not been dealt with by the SSC so far. The

concerns expressed in the enquiries cover mainly intoxication by occupational exposure of

shepherds and farmers to OPs upon use against ecto-parasites, especially in sheep dipping and

treatment of cattle against Warble Fly infestation. Risks from residues are addressed to a

lesser extend.

In early 2003, a large number of additional enquiries on the issue have been addressed to

European Commission’s Health and Consumer Directorate General. Four of these with

substantial enclosures were by one person. Most of them are addressing both issues: chronic

organophosphate (OP) poisoning and the origin of BSE.

Information provided with the enquiries

In addition to numerous newspaper and magazine articles the enclosures to the enquiries

provide the Material Safety Data Sheet on diazinon, the OHSA Occupational Safety and

Health Guideline for Tetraethylpyrophosphate (TEPP), an US agency Hazardous Substances

Fact Sheet on crufomate, company safety information sheets, some correspondence with UK

authorities including their activities to improve safe use of these chemicals. The information

regarding claimed OP chronic poisoning of cases presented does not provide evidence, neither

for OPs being the cause for diseases nor for their exclusion (i.e., “very low” bloodcholinesterase

levels, provided without data or comparison with the normal distribution of

values; successful treatment of a patient for OP clearance without giving any OP data). It

C:\WINNT\Temporary Internet Files\SSC_Last_OP_Final.doc 2

seems however, that due to insufficient, non-prudent use of the safety requirements undue

exposures of shepherds and farmers have occurred.

There is no additional information on the claimed involvement of OPs in the origin of BSE.

This applies for both, the hypotheses on the direct effect of OPs as well as on their

hypothetical role for Cu-deficiency to be involved in the origin of BSE (Cu binding of prion

protein is known). New publications are mentioned in one enquiry but they have not yet been

provided. In an Internet search no recent scientifically valid publications were traceable. The

SSC had been informed that research would be launched on this hypothesis, but no

information has been provided so far on its status or on results.

Conclusions

a) As regards the involvement of organophosphates in the origin of BSE, no new scientific

information providing evidence or supporting the hypothesis by valid data became

available after the adoption of the last opinion of the SSC on this issue. Consequently

there is no reason for modifying the existing opinions.

b) Regarding the possibility of OP poisoning, the European legislation for registration of

plant protection products and veterinary medicines – addressed in the enquiries – provide

the basis for safe use of registered compounds and their formulations. Regarding the

alleged intoxication cases reported and OP exposure it must be concluded that safety

measures may not have been strictly followed.

References

Brown, D.R., Qin, K., Herms, J.W., Madlung, A., Manson, J., Strome, R., Fraser, P.E., Kruck, T., von

Bohlen, A., Schulz- Schaeffer, W., Giese, A., Westaway, D. and Kretzschmar, H. (1997) The Cellular

Prion Protein Binds Copper In Vivo, Nature, 390, 684-7.

Purdey, M. (2000) Ecosystems Supporting Clusters of Sporadic TSEs Demonstrate Excesses of the Radical-

Generating Divalent Cation Manganese and Deficiencies of Antioxidant Co-Factors Cu, Se, Fe, Zn Medical

Hypotheses, 54, 278-306.

Scientific Steering Committee, 1998. Opinion on possible links between BSE and Organophosphates. Adopted

on 25-26 June 1998

Scientific Steering Committee, 2001. Opinion on Hypotheses on the origin and transmission of BSE. Adopted

on 29-30 November 2001.





http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/ssc/out356_en.pdf



TSS
 

Bill

Well-known member
Bill said:
PORKER said:
Just look at how the deer in New York got CWD, it was imported in. Same transmission as some other normal bovine diseases.
Where was it imported from and what was the method of transmission? What are "normal bovine diseases"?

A link to all of this would be appreciated.
Any answers Porker?
 

Bill

Well-known member
PORKER said:
Yes , http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/wildlife/deer/cwd.html
Couldn't seem to find the part where CWD is transmitted the same as "other normal bovine diseases" or how it was "imported in".
 
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