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CWD UPDATE NEW STATES FALL AND BLOOD

flounder

Well-known member
for any of you interest in CWD, here is some disturbing news on the blood related issues, and also, several more states have gone down with CWD. ...

kind regards,
terry


J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.02169-09 Copyright (c) 2010, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

B cells and platelets harbor prion infectivity in the blood of CWD–infected deer.

Candace K. Mathiason, Jeanette Hayes-Klug, Sheila A. Hays, Jenny Powers, David A. Osborn, Sallie J. Dahmes, Karl V. Miller, Robert J. Warren, Gary L. Mason, Glenn C. Telling, Alan C. Young, and Edward A. Hoover* Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; WASCO Inc., Monroe, GA, USA; University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA; South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Substantial evidence for prion transmission via blood transfusion exists for many TSE diseases. Determining which cell phenotype(s) are responsible for trafficking infectivity has important implications in understanding dissemination of prions as well as their detection and elimination from blood products. We used bioassay studies in the native white-tailed deer and transgenic cervidized mice to determine: (a) if chronic wasting disease (CWD) blood infectivity is associated with the cellular vs. the cell-free/plasma fraction of blood, and (b) in particular if B cell (MAb2-104+), platelet (CD41/61+) or CD14+ monocyte blood cell phenotypes harbor infectious prions. All four deer transfused with the blood mononuclear cell fraction from CWD+ donor deer became PrPCWD-positive by 19 months post inoculation, whereas none of the deer (0/4) inoculated with the same source cell-free plasma developed prion infection. All deer (4/4) injected with B cells, and 3/4 deer receiving platelets from CWD+ donor deer became PrPCWD-positive in as little as 6 months post inoculation, whereas none (0/4) deer receiving blood CD14+ monocytes developed evidence of CWD infection (immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis) after 19 months of observation. Results of the Tg(cerPrP)mouse bioassays mirrored those in the native cervid host. These results indicate that CWD blood infectivity is cell-associated and suggest a significant role for B cells and platelets in trafficking CWD infectivity in vivo and support earlier tissue-based studies associating putative follicular B cells with PrPCWD. Localization of CWD infectivity with leukocyte subpopulations may aid in enhancing sensitivity of blood-based diagnostic assays for CWD and other TSEs.


http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/JVI.02169-09v1



Tuesday, March 16, 2010

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Agents: Safe Working and the Prevention of Infection: Part 4 REVISED FEB. 2010

http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2010/03/transmissible-spongiform-encephalopathy.html



Friday, January 22, 2010

nvCJD Clause 2 : Blood donations

http://vcjdtransfusion.blogspot.com/2010/01/nvcjd-clause-2-blood-donations.html



Friday, March 19, 2010

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease 18 Mar 2010 : Column 1075 UK PARLIAMENT

(see blood related issues)


http://vcjdtransfusion.blogspot.com/2010/03/variant-creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-18.html




Tuesday, August 04, 2009 Susceptibilities of Nonhuman Primates to Chronic Wasting Disease

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/08/susceptibilities-of-nonhuman-primates.html


Sunday, April 12, 2009

CWD UPDATE Infection Studies in Two Species of Non-Human Primates and one Environmental reservoir infectivity study and evidence of two strains

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/04/cwd-update-infection-studies-in-two.html



Tuesday, February 09, 2010

Chronic Wasting Disease: Surveillance Update North America: February 2010

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/02/chronic-wasting-disease-surveillance.html


Friday, February 26, 2010

Chronic wasting disease found in Missouri deer February 25, 2010

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/02/chronic-wasting-disease-found-in.html


Thursday, January 21, 2010

Chronic Wasting Disease Found in White-tailed Deer in Virginia

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/01/chronic-wasting-disease-found-in-white.html


Thursday, March 04, 2010

TEN KANSAS DEER CONFIRMED POSITIVE IN CWD TESTS

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/03/ten-kansas-deer-confirmed-positive-in_04.html



Thursday, March 18, 2010

CWD Found in Southwestern North Dakota Deer

http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/03/cwd-found-in-southwestern-north-dakota.html


Thursday, March 18, 2010

175 DEER TEST POSITIVE FOR CWD IN WISCONSIN


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/03/175-deer-test-positive-for-cwd-in.html


Sunday, April 12, 2009

CWD UPDATE Infection Studies in Two Species of Non-Human Primates and one Environmental reservoir infectivity study and evidence of two strains


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/04/cwd-update-infection-studies-in-two.html



Wednesday, March 18, 2009

Detection of CWD Prions in Urine and Saliva of Deer by Transgenic Mouse Bioassay


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/03/detection-of-cwd-prions-in-urine-and.html



Monday, July 13, 2009

Deer Carcass Decomposition and Potential Scavenger Exposure to Chronic Wasting Disease


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/07/deer-carcass-decomposition-and.html



CWD, GAME FARMS, BAITING, AND POLITICS


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/01/cwd-game-farms-baiting-and-politics.html



NOT only muscle, but now fat of CWD infected deer holds infectivity of the TSE (prion) agent. ...TSS

Monday, July 06, 2009

Prion infectivity in fat of deer with Chronic Wasting Disease


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/07/prion-infectivity-in-fat-of-deer-with.html



Monday, August 24, 2009

Third International CWD Symposium July 22-24, 2009 - Park City, Utah ABSTRACTS


http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2009/08/third-international-cwd-symposium-july.html



In Confidence - Perceptions of unconventional slow virus diseases of animals in the USA - APRIL-MAY 1989 - G A H Wells

3. Prof. A Robertson gave a brief account of BSE. The US approach was to accord it a very low profile indeed. Dr. A Thiermann showed the picture in the ''Independent'' with cattle being incinerated and thought this was a fanatical incident to be avoided in the US at all costs. BSE was not reported in the USA.

snip...

CWD occurred principally in two locations, this one at Sybille and in a similar faccility at Fort Collins, Colorado, some 120 miles southwest. It was estimated that in total probably 60-70 cases of CWD have occurred.

It was difficult to gain a clear account of incidence and temporal sequence of events (-this presumably is data awaiting publication - see below) but during the period 1981-1984, 10-15 cases occurred at the Sybille facility.

The moribidity amongst mule deer in the facilities ie. those of the natural potentially exposed group has been about 90% with 100% mortality.

snip...

Spraker suggested an interesting explanation for the occurrence of CWD. The deer pens at the Foot Hills Campus were built some 30-40 years ago by a Dr. Bob Davis. At or abut that time, allegedly, some scrapie work was conducted at this site. When deer were introduced to the pens they occupied ground that had previously been occupied by sheep.

see full text 33 pages ;

http://collections.europarchive.org/tna/20080102193705/http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/mb/m11b/tab01.pdf







Friday, March 19, 2010


Canada Alta. finds CWD cases roaming further south and west than previously detected



http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2010/03/canada-alta-finds-cwd-cases-roaming.html





http://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/




TSS
 

PORKER

Well-known member
Chronic wasting disease is here

by Curt Wells
Published/Last Modified on Monday, March 22, 2010 11:39 AM CDT

We knew it was just a matter of time.

North Dakota has long been an island, free of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in the deer herd.

Surrounding states and provinces have dealt with the problem to one degree or another.

States like Colorado and Wyoming have had widespread problems with CWD since the disease was first identified in the 1960s.

North Dakota is no longer CWD free. Last fall a deer hunter in unit 3F2 (west side of Missouri River, bordering South Dakota) killed a mule deer buck that appeared to be sick.

He reported it and test samples were taken of the deer and tested along with the state’s regular testing protocol that included 3,000 samples taken this year.

Last week, after testing only two thirds of those samples, the test result from that sick mule deer came up positive for CWD.

The rest of the samples will be tested over the next month.

So, how did CWD get here?

No one knows.

It probably came here in some manner from South Dakota which has an outbreak in their wild deer herd.

Much is unknown about CWD, like whether it can occur spontaneously or if it has to be transmitted from one cervid (deer and elk) to another.

We do know it’s highly contagious and it turns the infected animal’s brain into a sponge, to put it simply and bluntly.

This disease is always fatal.

It’s important to note there has never been any evidence that CWD can be transmitted to humans or livestock.

Cattle have their own variant of this disease to deal with.

It’s called bovine spongiform encepholopothy, commonly referred to as mad cow disease.

That disease is known to infect humans.

The cause of CWD is an oddity called a prion.

It’s not a virus or bacteria.

It’s much tougher and very difficult to eradicate.

In fact, in deer farms where CWD has occurred it has proven to be a long-term problem.

Entire herds have been killed off and the farm sanitized. When the farm was re-populated with healthy deer they also contracted CWD.

It’s thought the prions get in the soil and stay there, but again there is still much to learn about CWD, which adds to the complexity of the problem.

So, what will the reaction be to this development?

What will the North Dakota Game and Fish Department do?

One would hope there won’t be an over-reaction as there was when Wisconsin discovered CWD.

They immediately went into an eradication plan in what they call the CWD Zone, attempting to kill every deer in a scorched earth approach.

It hasn’t worked and the incidence of CWD continues to rise in that area.

As you might expect, this development will re-ignite the debate over baiting of big game.

Anyone who reads this column on a regular basis knows how I feel about baiting.

I’ve fought to end this practice for a decade and the pro-baiters have always scoffed at the idea that disease is but one of a dozen reasons to ban baiting.

Over the years, many hunters who don’t believe they can kill a deer without benefit of a pail of corn said the disease issue was a smokescreen.

“There is no disease in North Dakota,” they said.

Some even said we should wait until a disease outbreak occurs before we react.

Now, those same people who frequent some of the outdoor Web sites are now claiming the Game and Fish Department “planted” the positive test so they could ban baiting.

They’re also saying, “It’s only one deer so far. Doing anything would be an over-reaction.”

I’ve even seen email exchanges with one legislator who still denies the problem and refuses to concede that baiting could contribute to the severity of this problem.

It’s the same kind of logic and reasoning a drug addict uses to justify his habit.

Did baiting of big game bring CWD to North Dakota?

Not likely. No one I know of is claiming that it did. However, only a fool would believe that mule deer buck was the sole carrier of CWD in North Dakota.

What’s important is that CWD is here now.

If we hope to reduce the impact of this outbreak it’s only logical to eliminate anything that could make that goal more difficult to achieve.

What logic could possibly be used to justify baiting and feeding of deer at this stage?

We cannot afford to have animals in close contact at bait piles, swapping body fluids that could be infected with prions known to remain viable outside the body for long periods of time.

Will banning baiting solve the CWD problem?

Certainly not, but it is one thing we can do that will help control the spread of the disease. No one can argue that point with a straight face.

The time is now for the N.D. Game and Fish Department to be decisive.

They’ve already determined, through an internal study, that baiting should be banned for both scientific and sociological reasons.

The discovery of CWD alone is enough reason to make this move.

For the sake of the resource this practice should be immediately eliminated as a method-of-take.

No legislation is necessary, despite what some legislators (and even individuals inside the Game and Fish Department) might say.

If the Legislature wants to defy the science, and the expertise of the biologists at the Game and Fish Department and overturn the ban, they can make their move in the next session in January.

It’s time for the Game and Fish Department and more importantly, North Dakota’s big game hunters, to “man up” and do what is right for our valuable resource.
 
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