Faster horses said:
I wonder if the NON-IONOPHORE ANTIBIOTICS is where the
confusion came from?
The only one I can see confused on this is you FH, you were quick to jump on me for having the ridiculous idea that ionophores are essentially antibiotics. The proof is here for all to see - they are - I'll try and highlight it one more time so that you might understand your misunderstanding and then I'm done on the topic.
Exhibit A - Oxford dictionary definition of an antibiotic
"A medicine that inhibits the growth of or destroys micro-organisms"
Exhibit B - Impact of Rumensin on the Health of the
Transition Dairy Cow
Todd Duffield
Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph,
Ontario
Effects of Ionophores on Ruminant Digestion and
Metabolism
The basic function of ionophores is to create a flux of ion transport across cell
membranes. Monensin binds to bacterial cell membranes and first causes an
efflux of potassium from the cell and an influx of hydrogen into the cell (Russell,
1996). The increased hydrogen is exported out of the cell either by active
transport involving adenosine triphosphate or passively via sodium entry into
cells in exchange for hydrogen.
In order to maintain inner cell equilibrium, the
bacterial cell expends energy and this results in death or reduced growth of the
bacterium (Bergen and Bates, 1984).
Clearly fitting the dictionary definition of an antibiotic. (Monensin is of course the active ingredient of Rumensin and is an ionophore)
You also seem confused on the "non - ionophore antibiotics" you posted about.
Exhibit C -
Faster horses said:
In one trial, monensin added to the mineral mix of cattle grazing native grass improved gain by 7.7% (0.19 lb/head/day; P<0.05) and the steers consumed 32% less mineral (3.4 oz vs. 5.0 oz./head/day; P<0.03) compared to controls.[iv] In numerous trials utilizing both heifers and steers and grazing various forage types (native grass, Bermuda grass, fescue, crop residue, winter wheat) fed a small amount of supplement (1-2 lbs. daily) with or without ionophores, average daily gain was improved 8-45% (0.12-0.22 lbs./day) with ionophores.[v],[vi],[vii],[viii],[ix],[x]
In addition to their effects on gain and efficiency, ionophore supplementation is effective for the prevention of acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPEE) and bloat when cattle graze lush pasture.[xi] If the ionophore is hand-fed (rather than fed free-choice), it will help prevent and control coccidiosis. Ionophores also impact mineral utilization. In general, ionophores enhance absorption of nitrogen, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, and selenium with inconsistent effects on calcium, potassium and sodium.[xii]
Non-ionophore antibiotics (ionophore-like)
Bambermycins is a relatively new antibiotic that is classified as a non-ionphore antibiotic. However, it has some ruminal effects similar to those of ionophores and is expected to exert similar effects on animal performance. Published research evaluating the effects of bambermycins on the performance of grazing cattle is very limited. One trial compared bambermycins, monensin, and lasalocid, each in a 2-pound soybean meal-milo supplement, for their effects on gains of stocker cattle grazing native short grass range. The antibiotics performed similarly and increased daily gain by 0.3 lbs.[xiii]
Non-ionophore antibiotic
Both oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline are approved for improved feed efficiency, increased rate of gain, and reduction of liver abscess in growing cattle. In addition, chlortetracycline is approved for control of anaplasmosis. Published research that quantifies the improvement in feed efficiency and increased gain in grazing animals is lacking. It is assumed that improvement of average daily gain is similar to that found with ionophore antibiotics (i.e. 15%, range = 8-45%).
The test results you show are comparing monensin (Rumensin) with a new class of non-ionophore antibiotics "Bambermycins". But it says right there in the last line that they assume the improvement of average daily gain these new non-ionophore antibiotics is similar to that found with regular
ionophore antibiotics (Meaning the Monensin they used in the trial, which is the active ingredient of Rumensin, which you sell to your customers on occasion apparently without knowing very much about it.)
Case closed as far as I'm concerned.
