First Canadian beef enters U.S., public to comment on live cattle
Truckloads of boxed beef from Canada began crossing the border Sept. 10, the first shipments since a ban was imposed last May.
Thirty countries banned imports of beef from Canada following the discovery of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in an Alberta cow last May.
Secretary of Agriculture Ann M. Veneman said Sept. 17 that only "low risk" Canadian beef products are currently being accepted and that a rule for lifting the ban on Canadian cattle younger than 30 months of age is several weeks away. The first step will be publishing a notice in the Federal Register for public comment.
Lifting the ban will cause problems for U.S. exporters. Two major buyers of U.S. beef, Japan and Korea, are now requiring exporters to certify that shipments contain no Canadian meat.
That means meat plants will incur additional costs to segregate Canadian and domestic product throughout the production and shipping processes. Veneman said USDA would take the additional costs into account when developing the proposal.
She said that once the proposal is published, it could still take several months before a final rule is adopted.
The National Cattlemen's Beef Association is urging USDA to ensure that current Canadian practices of using animal health issues as trade barriers be addressed before making a move to resume trade of live cattle with Canada.
"As negotiations on reopening the border with Canada occur, we believe USDA-APHIS must seize the opportunity to create a harmonization of animal health standards to allow an equitable flow of cattle in both directions," said NCBA.
"Continued testing requirements by Canada for anaplasmosis and blue tongue should not be tolerated. There is no science, today, that support the requirements that Canada has imposed on the U.S. cattle industry."
The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), the international agency that sets animal health standards, met Sept. 22-26 to update the content and improve understanding of current OIE international standards on BSE.
OIE's 164 member countries asked the organization to provide additional clarification on the interpretation of the BSE standards. They also asked for OIE's help in carrying out an appropriate risk assessment in accordance with international standards so that safe imports of animals and animal products can be done even from countries identified with BSE risk.
The present OIE Code has never suggested a total embargo of animals and animal products coming from BSE infected countries, not even from countries considers as having "high BSE risk."
OIE acknowledged that the code has not yet served to avoid major trade disruptions, primarily because many countries failed to implement international standards.
OIE said, "In some cases, embargoes are carried out without a science-based risk analysis. This situation penalizes countries with a good and transparent BSE surveillance, declaring cases while perfectly controlling the disease."
On Oct. 2, Mexico followed the U.S. lead, lifting its ban on frozen and processed beef less than 30 months of age. Canada is Mexico's second largest provider of beef, providing between 15 percent and 20 percent of Mexico's total beef imports and about 30 percent of its breeding cattle.
The Canadian beef industry has lost more than $1 billion since the bans were imposed. Beef cattle numbers reached a record 15.7 million as of July 1, prompting warnings that a mass slaughter is needed.
"We still have a portion of the industry that is dreadfully short of feed," said Trevor Yarchuk, Alberta Agriculture beef specialist. "So its going to come to a reality where if we don't have a profitable market, or at least a market, and we don't have the feed, we need to look for other alternatives."