Actually TXTIBBS, most breeding pairs have more than 1-2 pups each year avg is around 5.3 in alot of areas, yes they can have more pups but when you put it into 10 year avgs they don't change much. If you can increase across the board about .6 to .7 pups over a longer time spand that does add up.
Calling can be the most effective tool on coyotes, but if your looking to do good then fall/ ealry winter is not the time to kill your coyotes for maximum benefit, you kill out the young of the year and some adults, but through dispersal by the time they pair up in late winter and you have decent habitat the ones that will be the livestock killers will be in place.
Calling coyotes is very effective and one of the quickest ways to end depredation, you start in Late April- July peak periods you can call in the adults, take then dens ealry and then mop up the pups after they get mobil from the den with calling,snares and traps.
If possible take the bench first, she alot of the times is the lagging coyote when you call the males alot of the time not all of the time, are the more agressive coyote, he can be called back in with more success than the bench "most" of the time. Also some have nurse maids 1 year old females that never paired up and will help the others raise the pups. Trying to get them dead the first time is key as they will move the pups early in the season at the first hint of danger.
To trully keep coyote numbers in check it takes a balanced approach, one tool used to much in a given area will lead to avoidance, it has been proven with almost any tool, but the trap is a tool that has been used for coyotes for many years and by keeping things natural and scent free a trap is a tough tool to beat or for a coyote to get wised up too.
Calling too much in area will lessen the effectivness of that tool, exspecially if you screw up more often than not. I am always learning when it comes to coyote control and they are a trully awsome predator and you keep learning a lifetime, once you think you have them all figured out they will throw you a new wrinkle, but man alive there fun to match wits against!!!